Filling it with Flugger

Flügger Acrylic Filler: The Essential Guide 

Flügger acrylic filler can be a valuable tool in a conservator's arsenal for filling gaps, cracks, and losses in various substrates. However, its use requires a specific approach to ensure the longevity and reversibility of the treatment. Here's a guide tailored for conservators using Flügger acrylic filler:

Materials: 

• Flügger acrylic filler (appropriate grade for the substrate)
• Scalpels (various sizes)
• Dental spatulas (various sizes)
• Glass wool (for deep cracks in masonry or plaster)
• Heat source (e.g., heat gun) for controlled evaporation (optional)
• Microscope (for examining fine cracks and details)
• Acetone (for cleaning tools and minor surface corrections)

 Preparation: 

1. Substrate evaluation: Thoroughly examine the object to identify the material composition, nature of the damage (depth, size, cause), and any existing repairs. Consult conservator ethics and relevant object-specific restoration guidelines.

2. Cleaning and documentation: Meticulously clean the area around the damage using appropriate methods for the substrate (e.g., micro-suction for dirt, swabs with solvents for grime). Record the cleaning process and condition through detailed photographs and notes.

3. Loss analysis: For larger losses, consider using mica flakes (for wood) or glass wool (for deep cracks in masonry or plaster) to create a stable base before applying filler. Mica flakes offer structural support while mimicking the wood grain. Glass wool fills deep voids in masonry, preventing filler collapse.

 Applying the Filler: 

1. Choice of tool: Select appropriate sculpting tools based on the size and detail of the area. Scalpels offer precision for small cracks, while dental spatulas provide control for broader gaps.

2. Filler selection: Flügger acrylic filler suited to the substrate's thermal expansion and contraction rates. This ensures compatibility and minimises the risk of cracking over time.

3. Application technique: Apply the filler in small, measured amounts using the chosen tool. For deep cracks, a layered approach with controlled drying times between layers is recommended. Avoid excessive manipulation, as this can compromise the filler's integrity.

4. Heat application (optional): In well-ventilated conditions and with extreme caution, a heat gun can be used on a low setting to accelerate drying of small filler applications. Conservators should exercise strict control over heat application to prevent substrate damage.

 Drying and Finishing: 

1. Monitoring: Closely monitor the drying process. Conservators should avoid using accelerants, as these can cause cracking or warping. Allow the filler to dry completely according to the manufacturer's instructions and ambient conditions.

2. Microscopic examination: Once dry, use a microscope to meticulously examine the filled area, ensuring there are no voids or gaps that might compromise structural integrity.

3. Cleaning and retouching (if necessary): Use acetone sparingly on a cotton swab to remove minor surface imperfections or excess filler. Apply retouching materials only when ethically justifiable and using reversible techniques. 

Documentation: 

• Throughout the process, meticulously document cleaning procedures, filler selection, application methods, drying times, and any retouching performed. 

Additional Considerations: 

• Reversible treatment: Always prioritize reversible fillers and techniques whenever possible. Flügger acrylic filler is generally considered reversible with appropriate solvents.

• Material compatibility: Ensure the chosen filler is compatible with the object's material and any existing restoration materials.

• Aesthetics: Strive for a balanced approach between filling the damage and maintaining the object's historical integrity and visual appeal.

By following these guidelines and exercising professional judgment, conservators can effectively utilise Flügger acrylic filler for the restoration of cultural artefacts. Remember, this guide provides a general framework, and specific procedures may vary depending on the object and the conservator's expertise. Always refer to established conservation ethics and best practices for the specific material and object type.